De los hongos a la medicina: el ascenso de los peptaiboles como potenciales tratamientos del futuro

Ricardo Jiovanni Soria-Herrera; Vianey Graciela  Olmedo-Monfil; Carlos Cortés-Penagos

Authors

Ricardo Jiovanni Soria-Herrera Facultad de Químico-Farmacobiología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo. Morelia, Michoacán, México. https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9997-7584
Vianey Graciela Olmedo-Monfil Departamento de Biología, Universidad de Guanajuato. Guanajuato, Guanajuato, México. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3324-1025
Carlos Cortés-Penagos Facultad de Químico-Farmacobiología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo. Morelia, Michoacán, México. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6426-8290

Keywords:

Peptaibol, antimicrobial peptide, antibiotics

Abstract

Peptaibols are small, naturally occurring peptides produced by filamentous fungi. To date, over 1,000 of these compounds have been identified. What distinguishes peptaibols is their unusual structure, as they contain nonproteinogenic amino acids, a type of amino acid that is not typically incorporated into proteins during ribosomal synthesis, unlike the 20 standard amino acids that the body uses to build proteins. With lengths ranging from 5 to 20 amino acids, these small peptides are primarily produced by fungi belonging to the genera Trichoderma, Hypocrea, Clonostachys, and Emericellopsis. These molecules have the ability to form pores in cell membranes, making them effective against bacteria, fungi, viruses, parasites, and even cancer cells. This broad range of biological effects makes them promising candidates for new antibiotic, anticancer, antiparasitic, and other treatments, with applications in medicine, agriculture, and biotechnology.

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