Understanding the importance of preclinical research: how animal models contribute to advancements in Health

Abstract

Before drugs can be given to people, they must go through a very important stage: the preclinical phase. During this period of medical research, scientists evaluate safety, effectiveness, and any possible adverse effects in animal models. Although each species differs from humans, many of our biological processes are similar to those of other animals. This has made it possible for research models such as rats, mice, pigs, rabbits, and even horses to be vital allies in the development of new medicines. In these models, human diseases are simulated to observe how treatments work, how the drugs move through the body, and at what dose they might be toxic. All these assays ensure that, when the drugs are tested in clinical trials, the risk is lower and the process is safer. This article aims to explore the importance of animal research in medicine and to recognize that, thanks to these animals, many lives have been saved and that we now have access to more effective and targeted treatments.